Redefining Metabolic Syndrome in Men (July 2012) Townsend Letter for Doctors & Patients - 0 views
www.townsendletter.com/...metsyndrome0712.html
testosterone male men hormone hormones saliva salivary low T low metabolic syndrome MetS
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 28 Aug 12
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Approximately 95% to 98% of testosterone is bound to a carrier protein at any given time, leaving just the remaining 2% to 5% as completely unbound and available for tissues to use
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most serum laboratories offer a free testosterone level, which is a calculated value based on SHBG levels or determined with equilibrium dialysis
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Testosterone has a known age-related decline, and total levels typically drop by approximately 1.6% per year beginning for most men in their 30s
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As estrogen levels rise, they prompt the body to produce more SHBG, which in turn has a higher binding affinity for testosterone, and drives the unbound fraction of the testosterone pool down even further
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When the increase in SHBG is taken into account, the age-related decline in the level of hormone that can be used by the body is closer to 2% to 3% per year.
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Stinging nettle (Urtica dioica), an herb commonly used for allergies, can also be employed to bind to SHBG, which leaves more testosterone available to tissues
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Leptin, an adipose-derived peptide hormone that regulates appetite and metabolism, has been shown to directly inhibit testosterone production in animal models
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tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) further inhibit Leydig cell testosterone production
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there are several herbs that can work to boost testosterone levels, including longjack (Eurycoma longifolia), horny goat weed (Epimedium grandiflorum), and tribulus (Tribulus terrestris).
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the majority of the hormone is bound to carrier proteins including sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and albumin